Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 7 de 7
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
2.
Rev. esp. enferm. dig ; 110(6): 344-351, jun. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-177687

RESUMO

Background: lung transplantation (LTx) is a viable option for most patients with end-stage lung diseases. Esophageal motor disorders (EMD) are frequent in candidates for LTx, but there is very little data about changes in esophageal motility post-LTx. Aim: the aim of our study was to assess esophageal motor disorders by high resolution manometry (HRM) both pre-LTx and six months post-LTx in patients with and without organ rejection. Study: HRM (Manoscan(r)) was performed in 57 patients both pre-LTx and six months post-LTx. HRM plots were analyzed according to the Chicago classification 3.0. Results: EMD were found in 33.3% and in 49.1% of patients pre-LTx and post-LTx, respectively, and abnormal peristalsis was more frequently found post-LTx (p = 0.018). Hypercontractile esophagus was frequently found post-LTx (1.8% and 19.3% pre-LTx and post-LTx, respectively). Esophagogastric junction (EGJ) morphology changed significantly pre-LTx and post-LTx; type I (normal) was more frequent post-LTx (63-2% and 82.5% respectively, p = 0.007). EMD were more frequent post-LTx in both the non-rejection and rejection group, although particularly in the rejection group (43.2% and 69.2% respectively, p = 0.09). EMD such as distal spasm, hypercontractile esophagus and EGJ outflow obstruction were also observed more frequently post-LTx in the rejection group. Conclusion: significant changes in esophageal motility were observed pre-LTx and particularly post-LTx; hypercontractile esophagus was a frequent EMD found post-LTx. EMD were more frequent in the group of patients that experienced organ rejection compared to the non-rejection group. EMD leading to an impaired esophageal clearance should be considered as an additional factor that contributes to LTx failure


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos da Motilidade Esofágica/epidemiologia , Transplante de Pulmão/estatística & dados numéricos , Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia , Manometria/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fatores de Risco
3.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(11): 915-923, nov. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-168317

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivos: La hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) se caracteriza por aumento de resistencias vasculares pulmonares, disfunción progresiva del ventrículo derecho y muerte. A pesar de los avances, sigue asociada a alta morbimortalidad. El objetivo del estudio es describir el tratamiento de esta enfermedad y determinar factores pronósticos de pacientes con HAP tratados en un centro de referencia nacional a lo largo de 30 años. Métodos: Se estudió a 379 pacientes consecutivos diagnosticados de HAP (enero de 1984-diciembre de 2014). Se los distribuyó en 3 intervalos de tiempo: previo a 2004, 2004-2009 y 2010-2014, y se analizaron los factores pronósticos de deterioro clínico. Resultados: La mediana de edad de los pacientes es 44 años (el 68,6% eran mujeres) y estaban en clase funcional III-IV el 72%. Se observó un incremento en etiologías más complejas: enfermedad venooclusiva e hipertensión portopulmonar en el último periodo. La terapia combinada de inicio aumentó (el 5% previo a 2004 frente al 27% posterior a 2010; p < 0,05). El análisis multivariable mostró como factores independientes de deterioro clínico edad, sexo, etiología y variables combinadas (p < 0,05). La supervivencia libre de muerte o trasplante al primero, el tercero y el quinto año fueron del 92,2, el 80,6 y el 68,5% respectivamente. La mediana de supervivencia fue 9 años (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 7,532-11,959). Conclusiones: La HAP es una enfermedad heterogénea y compleja. La mediana de supervivencia libre de muerte o trasplante en nuestra serie es 9 años. La estructura de una unidad multidisciplinaria de HAP debe adaptarse con rapidez a los cambios que se producen en el tiempo incorporando nuevas técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas (AU)


Introduction and objectives: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular dysfunction and death. Despite scientific advances, is still associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim is to describe the clinical approach and determine the prognostic factors of patients with PAH treated in a national reference center over 30 years. Methods: Three hundred and seventy nine consecutive patients with PAH (January 1984 to December 2014) were studied. Were divided into 3 periods of time: before 2004, 2004-2009 and 2010-2014. Prognostic factors (multivariate analysis) were analyzed for clinical deterioration. Results: Median age was 44 years (68.6% women), functional class III-IV: 72%. An increase was observed in more complex etiologies in the last period of time: Pulmonary venooclusive disease and portopulmonary hypertension. Upfront combination therapy significantly increased (5% before 2004 vs 27% after 2010; P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed prognostic significance in age, sex, etiology and combined clinical variables as they are independent predictors of clinical deterioration (P < .05). Survival free from death or transplantation for the 1st, 3rd and 5th year was 92.2%, 80.6% and 68.5% respectively. The median survival was 9 years (95% confidence interval, 7.532-11.959) Conclusions: The PAH is a heterogeneous and complex disease, the median survival free from death or transplantation in our series is 9 years after diagnosis. The structure of a multidisciplinary unit PAH must adapt quickly to changes that occur over time incorporating new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/etiologia , Prognóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/complicações , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo/complicações , Prostaglandinas/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Risco , Serviços de Informação , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Análise Multivariada , Intervalos de Confiança , Intervalo Livre de Doença
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 148(10): 449-452, mayo 2017. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-162724

RESUMO

Introducción y objetivo: Aunque los trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño son frecuentes en pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria crónica grave (IRCG), hay poca información sobre su prevalencia. Nuestro objetivo ha sido describir la prevalencia y características del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño (SAHS) en estos pacientes. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo observacional de pacientes con IRCG incluidos en lista de espera de trasplante pulmonar a los que se les realizó una polisomnografía estándar. Resultados: Ciento cinco pacientes fueron valorados. Ochenta y cinco cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. La prevalencia de SAHS fue del 24,7%, y un 19% de ellos eran graves. La enfermedad respiratoria más frecuente fue la EPOC (62%). El SAHS se relacionó con el sexo masculino (p=0,002), el peso (p=0,013), el IMC (p=0,034) y la circunferencia cervical (p=0,01). Aunque la mayoría de los pacientes presentaron algún síntoma indicativo de SAHS, la media de puntuación en la Escala de Somnolencia de Epworth fue baja. Conclusiones: Hemos observado una alta prevalencia de SAHS en pacientes con IRCG, sin datos clínicos que puedan evidenciar su existencia, por lo que consideramos adecuado realizar estudios de sueño dada la baja sospecha clínica pretest (AU)


Introduction and objective: Although sleep disordered breathing is common in patients with a severe chronic respiratory insufficiency (SCRI), there is few information on its prevalence. Our aim was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in these patients. Material and methods: Prospective and observational study carried out on patients with a SCRI included in a waiting list for a lung transplantation and who had undergone a standard polysomnography. Results: A total of 105 patients were examined, of which 85 met the study's inclusion criteria. The prevalence of the OSAHS was 24.7%, with 19% of cases being severe. The most common underlying respiratory condition was COPD (62%). The OSAHS was linked to the male gender (P=.002), weight (P=.013), BMI (P=.034) and neck circumference (P=.01). Although most patients experienced symptoms suggestive of an OSAHS, the average score obtained in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was low. Conclusions: We observed a high prevalence of OSAHS in patients with a SCRI but without clinical data suggestive of its diagnosis; hence, we believe that sleep studies should be carried out in these patients given the low pre-test clinical suspicion of the disease (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Insuficiência Respiratória/complicações , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Hipóxia/epidemiologia , Transplante de Pulmão , Doença Crônica , Doença Catastrófica , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva/epidemiologia , Polissonografia
5.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 51(2): e5-fe7, feb. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-132276

RESUMO

Las complicaciones de la vía aérea en pacientes con trasplante pulmonar son una entidad relativamente frecuente, aunque su incidencia es variable según los diferentes estudios. Su patogenia es variada, siendo el principal mecanismo responsable la isquemia bronquial asociada al periodo postrasplante inmediato. La principal complicación suele ser la estenosis bronquial, y en el trasplante pulmonar derecho la afectación del bronquio intermediario se produce con relativa frecuencia. Se han propuesto distintos tratamientos para la estenosis del bronquio intermediario, como dilatación con balón endobronquial, láser, criocirugía y endoprótesis bronquiales. Presentamos 2 casos clínicos con trasplante pulmonar y estenosis del bronquio intermediario que han sido tratados con una endoprótesis de Montgomery o en T, que se emplea habitualmente para estenosis traqueales, con una respuesta clínica y funcional muy favorable


Airway complications after lung transplant are relatively common although the rates vary according to the different studies. Pathogenesis is diverse but the principal mechanism is usually bronchus intermedius ischemia in the post-transplant period. One major complication is bronchial stenosis, with relatively frequentinvolvement ofthe bronchus intermedius in the case of rightlung transplantation. Various treatments have been proposed for bronchus intermedius stenosis, such as endobronchial balloon dilation, laser, cryosurgery and bronchial stents. We presenttwo cases of lung transplant recipients with bronchus intermedius stenosis treated with a Montgomery stent or T-stent, commonly used for tracheal stenosis, who showed positive clinical and functional response


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Constrição Patológica/cirurgia , Broncoconstrição , Transplante de Pulmão , Broncomalácia/cirurgia , Stents , Brônquios/cirurgia , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 50(6): 235-249, jun. 2014. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-122722

RESUMO

A pesar de los múltiples avances diagnósticos o terapéuticos de la medicina de los últimos años, el derrame pleural (DP) continúa siendo una de las enfermedades que con frecuencia tiene que abordar el especialista de aparato respiratorio o el cirujano torácico. El presente texto no tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión exhaustiva sobre las enfermedades que pueden producir DP, su diagnóstico o su tratamiento, sino constituir una actualización de los conocimientos publicados en los últimos años. Teniendo en cuenta la vocación eminentemente práctica de esta normativa, se ha concedido más extensión a las enfermedades que presentan una mayor incidencia o prevalencia, aunque no hemos renunciado a un ligero recordatorio de otras menos frecuentes. Entre los mayores avances destacan los conocimientos sobre la utilidad de la ecografía torácica, los fibrinolíticos y los agentes pleurodésicos, o la utilización de nuevas técnicas de drenaje pleural, como los tubos torácicos finos o los catéteres tunelizados. La actualización periódica de las normativas favorece la potencial incorporación de nuevas técnicas en el estudio de la enfermedad pleural


Although during the last few years there have been several important changes in the diagnostic or therapeutic methods, pleural effusion is still one of the diseases that the respiratory specialist have to evaluate frequently. The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge about pleural effusions, rather than to review the causes of pleural diseases exhaustively. These recommendations have a longer extension for the subjects with a direct clinical usefulness, but a slight update of other pleural diseases has been also included. Among the main scientific advantages are included the thoracic ultrasonography, the intrapleural fibrinolytics, the pleurodesis agents, or the new pleural drainages techniques


Assuntos
Humanos , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural/terapia , Derrame Pleural Maligno/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural Maligno/terapia , Tuberculose Pleural/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Pleural/terapia , Hemotórax/diagnóstico , Hemotórax/terapia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...